3 Àå boring machine °¡°ø(boring)(±³°ú¼ p.332)
boringÀº drilling ¶Ç´Â ÁÖÁ¶ µî¿¡¼ ÀÌ¹Ì ¶Õ¸° ±¸¸ÛÀ» È®´ëÇϰųª ³»ºÎ¸¦ ¿Ï¼ºÇÏ´Â °¡°øÀ¸·Î¼, boringÀÇ ¿ø¸®´Â
¼±»è°ú °°´Ù. boringÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °øÀÛ±â°è¿¡´Â ¼±¹Ý, drilling machine, ¼öÁ÷ milling machine µîÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸³ª, °øÀÛ¹°ÀÇ
Çü»óÀÌ º¹ÀâÇϰųª Ä¡¼ö°¡ Å« °Í¿¡´Â ÁÖ·Î Àý»è°ø±¸°¡ ȸÀü¿îµ¿ÇÏ°í table¿¡ °íÁ¤µÈ °øÀÛ¹°ÀÌ ¼±¿îµ¿ÇÏ´Â
Àü¹® boring machine ÀÌ »ç¿ëµÇ¸ç, º»Àå¿¡¼´Â boring machine¿¡¼ÀÇ °¡°ø¸¸À» Ãë±ÞÇϱâ·Î ÇÑ´Ù.
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boring °ø±¸¿Í °øÀÛ¹°ÀÇ »ó´ë¿îµ¿ ¢Ð
[1] boring machine
boring machineÀ» ±¸Á¶, °¡°ø ¹æ¹ý ¹× Á¤¹Ðµµ¿¡ µû¶ó ºÐ·ùÇϸé
- ¼öÆò½Ä boring machine(horizontal boring machine)
- ¼öÁ÷½Ä boring machine(vertical boring machine)
- ¼öÁ÷½Ä turret boring machine(òÁØ¡ turret ¼±¹Ý, vertical turret boring machine)
- core boring machine
- jig boring machine
µîÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
(1) ¼öÆò½Ä boring machine
ÁÖÃàÀÌ ¼öÆòÀÎ ¼öÆò½Ä boring machineÀ¸·Î¼ table Çü, planer Çü, floor Çü ¹× À̵¿ÇüÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
¨ç table Çü:
table ÇüÀº ÁÖÃàÀÌ ¼öÆòÀ̸ç, ±×¸²°ú °°ÀÌ 2°³ÀÇ column »çÀÌ¿¡ Á¾¹æÇâÀ¸·Î À̵¿ÇÏ´Â saddle°ú
±× À§¿¡ Ⱦ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î À̵¿µÇ´Â table, »óÇÏ·Î ¿òÁ÷ÀÌ´Â ÁÖÃà´ë(headstock), ÁÖÃà´ë¿Í boring bar¸¦ ÁöÁöÇÏ´Â
columnÀ¸·Î ±¸¼ºµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.
¼öÆò½Ä table Çü boring machine ¢Ð
¨è planer Çü:
Å« °øÀÛ¹°ÀÇ °¡°ø¿¡ ÀûÇÕÇÑ planer·Î¼ table Çü°ú ºñ½ÁÇϳª saddleÀÌ ¾ø°í
¢Ñ planer¿Í
°°ÀÌ tableÀÌ ÁÖÃà¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© Á÷¹æÇâÀ¸·Î ¿îµ¿Çϵµ·Ï µÇ¾î ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, Àý»è¿îµ¿¹æÇâÀÎ table ¿îµ¿¹æÇâ¿¡ Á÷°¢ÀÎ ¹æÇâÀÇ
À̼ÛÀº ÁÖÃàÀÇ À̼ۿ¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ°í, À̵¿´ë¿¡ ´ëÇÑ columnÀÇ À̼ÛÀº Áß·®ÀÌ Å©°í ±ä °øÀÛ¹°ÀÇ
Á¤¹ÐÀý»èÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© Ưº°È÷ Å« °¼ºÀ» ¿äÇÒ ¶§ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
¼öÆò½Ä planer Çü boring machine ¢Ð
¨é floor Çü:
±×¸²°ú °°ÀÌ saddle°ú tableÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¸ç, °øÀÛ¹°À» T ȨÀÌ ÀÖ´Â floor plate¿¡ Á÷Á¢ °íÁ¤ÇÏ°í ÁÖÃà´ë°¡ ÀåÄ¡µÈ
columnÀ» Ⱦ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î À̵¿ÇÏ¿© À̼ÛÀ» ÁØ´Ù. °øÀÛ¹°ÀÇ Áß·® ¹× Ä¡¼ö°¡ Å©°Å³ª Çü»óÀÌ º¹ÀâÇÏ¿© tableÀÇ
¿Õº¹¿îµ¿ÀÌ ¾î·Á¿î °æ¿ì¿¡ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.
¼öÆò½Ä floor Çü boring machine ¢Ð
¨ê À̵¿Çü(portable type):
À̵¿Çϱ⿡ Æí¸®ÇÑ ¼ÒÇüÀÇ boring machineÀ¸·Î¼ °øÀÛ¹°ÀÇ À̵¿ ´ë½Å¿¡ °øÀÛ±â°è¸¦ À̵¿ÇÏ¿© Á¶¸³µÈ Å« ±â°èÀÇ
¼ö¸®³ª ¼±¹Ú³»ºÎ µî¿¡¼ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.
À̵¿Çü boring machine
(2) ¼öÁ÷½Ä boring machine
±×¸²°ú °°ÀÌ ÁÖÃàÀÌ ¼öÁ÷À¸·Î À§Ä¡ÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, °ø±¸ÀÇ À§Ä¡´Â cross rail°ú cross rail »óÀÇ ÁÖÃà´ë(tool head)¿¡
ÀÇÇÏ¿© Á¶Á¤µÈ´Ù. °øÀÛ¹°À» °íÁ¤ÇÑ tableÀÌ È¸Àü¿îµ¿À» ÇÏ¿© boring, ¼öÆò¸é°¡°ø ¹× ¼öÁ÷¼±»è µîÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
¼öÁ÷½Ä boring machine ¢Ð
(3) ¼öÁ÷½Ä turret boring machine
Àϸí Á÷¸³ turret ¼±¹ÝÀ̶ó°íµµ Çϸç, ±×¸²°ú °°ÀÌ ÁÖÃà´ë¸¦ ¼öÁ÷Ãà»ó¿¡ ¼öÆòÀ¸·Î À§Ä¡½ÃÄÑ cross railÀÌ »óÇÏ·Î À̵¿ÇÏ°í,
turret head°¡ cross rail »ó¿¡¼ À̵¿Çϸç, °øÀÛ¹°À» °íÁ¤ÇÑ tableÀÌ È¸ÀüÇϵµ·Ï µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â boring machineÀÌ´Ù.
ÀÌ °øÀÛ±â°è´Â ±æÀÌ°¡ ª°í Áß·®ÀÌ Å« °øÀÛ¹°ÀÇ °¡°ø¿¡ ÀûÇÕÇÏ´Ù.
¼öÁ÷½Ä turret boring machine ¢Ð
(4) core boring machine
°¡°øÇÒ ±¸¸ÛÀÌ drill °¡°øÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °Í¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© ¾ÆÁÖ Å¬ ¶§¿¡´Â ȯÇü(ü¯û¡)À¸·Î Àý»èÇÏ¿© core¸¦ ³ª¿À°Ô Çϸç,
core´Â º°µµÀÇ ¸ñÀû¿¡ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.
(5) jig boring machine
drilling¿¡¼ ºÎÁ¤È®ÇÑ ±¸¸Û°¡°ø, °¢Á¾ jigÀÇ Á¦ÀÛ, ±âŸ Á¤¹ÐÇÑ ±¸¸Û°¡°øÀ» À§ÇÑ ¼öÁ÷ boring machineÀ¸·Î¼
Á¦Ç°ÀÇ Çã¿ë¿ÀÂ÷°¡ ¡¾0.002 ~ 0.005mm Á¤µµÀÌ´Ù. table°ú ÁÖÃà´ëÀÇ À§Ä¡¸¦ Á¤Çϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ³ª»ç½Ä ÃøÁ¤ÀåÄ¡,
Ç¥ÁغÀ gage, dial gage, Çö¹Ì°æ¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ±¤ÇÐÀû ÃøÁ¤ÀåÄ¡ µîÀ» °®Ãß°í ÀÖ´Ù. ½ÖÁÖÇü(äªñºû¡)°ú
´ÜÁÖÇü(Ó¤ñºû¡)ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
´Ù¸¥ Àåºñ¿¡¼ Ãʹú°¡°øÀ» ÇÏ°í
¢Ñ jig boring machine¿¡
¿Å°Ü ÃÖÁ¾ÀûÀ¸·Î Á¤¹Ð°¡°øÀ» ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹´Ù.
[2] boring °ø±¸(boring tool)
boring °ø±¸´Â boring bite ¶Ç´Â boring cutter, boring bar ¹× boring bar holder·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁö¸ç,
À̵éÀ» Á¶ÇÕÇÏ¿© »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì¿Í ºÎºÐÀûÀ¸·Î ¶Ç´Â ÀüºÎ°¡ ÀÏü·Î µÈ °ÍÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
boring bar´Â bite¸¦ °íÁ¤ÇÏ°í ÁÖÃàÀÇ ±¸¸Û¿¡ ³¢¿ö ȸÀü½ÃÅ°°Å³ª holder¿¡ °íÁ¤ÇÏ¿©
»ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ºÀ(Üê)À¸·Î¼, ±×¸² (a)¿Í °°ÀÌ taper¸¦ °®´Â °Í°ú ±×¸² (b)¿Í °°ÀÌ ÆòÇàºÎ·Î
µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â °Í µîÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
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boring bar
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boring °ø±¸´Â ÇÊ¿ä¿¡ µû¶ó ¼ö¾øÀÌ ¸¹À» ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸³ª ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î ´ÙÀ½À» ¼Ò°³ÇÑ´Ù.
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boring bite(cutter)¸¦ bar¿¡ °íÁ¤ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý¿¡´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
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°¡°øºÎÀÇ Áö¸§ÀÌ Ä¿¼ boring bar¿¡ bite¸¦ °íÁ¤ÇÏ´Â °Í¸¸À¸·Î´Â °ï¶õÇÒ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ±×¸²°ú °°ÀÌ
°¡°øÁö¸§À» Å©°Ô È®ÀåÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â boring head¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
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[3] Àý»èÁ¶°Ç
boring °ø±¸(bite)ÀÇ °¢Àº °¡°øºÎÀÇ ÀçÁú, Áö¸§ ¹×
¢Ñ °ø±¸Àç·á¿¡
µû¶ó ´Ù¸£´Ù. °¡°øºÎÀÇ Áö¸§ÀÌ Ä¿Áú¼ö·Ï °ø±¸ÀÇ ¹Ý°æ°æ»ç°¢(radial rake angle)°ú
Ãø°æ»ç°¢(side rake angle)Àº ÀÛ°Ô ÃëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ´Ù¸¥ °¢µéÀÇ Å©±â´Â °øÀÛ¹°ÀÇ ÀçÁú¿¡ µû¶ó ´Ù¸£´Ù.
°¡°øÁß chipÀÌ °¡°ø¸é¿¡¼ ¸Ö¸® Áß½ÉÀ» ÇâÇÏ¿© ¹èÃâµÇ¾î °¡°ø¸é¿¡ ¼Õ»óÀ» ÁÖÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
Ti ÀÌ 50~80%ÀÌ°í molybdenum carbide¿Í nickelÀ» °áÇÕÁ¦·Î »ç¿ëÇÑ °ø±¸´Â °æµµ°¡ Å©°í ³»¸¶¸ð¼ºÀÌ
¿ì¼öÇÏ¿© Á¤¹Ð boring¿¡ ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½ Ç¥´Â titanium carbide °ø±¸·Î °À» Àý»èÇÒ ¶§ÀÇ Àý»è¼Óµµ¿Í
À̼ÛÀ» ¿¹½ÃÇÑ´Ù.
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